ruffle

1. V-T If you ruffle someone's hair, you move your hand backward and forward through it as a way of showing your affection toward them. 撫弄 (頭發)

"Don't let that get you down," he said, ruffling Ben's dark curls. “別因那事而沮喪，”他撫弄著本的黑色卷發說道。

2. V-T When the wind ruffles something such as the surface of the sea, it causes it to move gently in a wavelike motion. 使起皺[文學性]

The evening breeze ruffled the pond. 那傍晚的微風吹皺了水塘的表麪。

3. V-T If something ruffles someone, it causes them to panic and lose their confidence or to become angry or upset. 使驚慌失措; 使沮喪; 激怒

I could tell that my refusal to allow him to ruffle me infuriated him. 我可以斷定，我拒絕讓他激怒我使他很惱火。

4. V-T/V-I If a bird ruffles its feathers or if its feathers ruffle, they stand out on its body, for example when it is cleaning itself or when it is frightened. 竪起

Tame birds, when approached, will stretch out their necks and ruffle their neck feathering. 馴化的鳥在人靠近時會伸長脖子，竪起脖子上的羽毛。

5. N an irregular or disturbed surface 不平整的表麪; 弄亂的表麪

6. N-COUNT Ruffles are folds of cloth at the neck or the ends of the arms of a piece of clothing, or are sometimes sewn on things as a decoration. (衣服領口、袖口的) 褶邊; 裝飾

...a white blouse with ruffles at the neck and cuffs. …一件領口和袖口上有褶邊的白色女式襯衣。

7. N a low continuous drumbeat 擂鼓聲

8. V to beat (a drum) with a low repetitive beat 擂(鼓)

9. V to behave riotously or arrogantly; swagger 自大[archaic]

10. PHRASE To ruffle someone's feathers means to cause them to become very angry, nervous, or upset. 使某人憤怒; 緊張; 沮喪

His direct, often abrasive approach will doubtless ruffle a few feathers. 他那直截了儅、常常很粗魯的方式無疑會激怒一些人。