前綴 cata-
漢:來源於希臘語,意爲"down",是意爲"up"ANA的爲反義前綴。此外,cata還有"away,completely,against,throughout,backward,fully"等含有,在元音字母和輔音字母h前,cata的a脫落,變爲cat。
英:word-forming element from Latinized form of Greek kata-, before vowels kat-, from kata "down from, down to." Its principal sense is "down," but with occasional senses of "against" or "wrongly." Also sometimes used as an intensive or with a sense of completion of action. Very active in ancient Greek, this prefix is found in English mostly in words borrowed through Latin after c.1500.
1.cataclysm
n.sudden and violent change 大變動,突變 *cate(=completely),clysm(=wash)
例句:The tearing down of the Berlin Wall graphically represented the cataclysm sweeping Eastem Europe in the post-Cold War era.柏林牆的推倒是後冷戰時代蓆卷東歐的社會大變動的生動躰現。
2.catalogue
n.lists of names set down 目錄 (描述的很詳細) *cata(=completely),log (=speech)
例句:No catalogue of Afrcan literature existed before Jansen created this record.在詹森創意造此記錄之前,根本不存在關於非洲文學的目錄。
3.catalyst
n. a combination which starts a reaction 催化劑;觸媒 (使釋放出來)*cata(=completely),lys(=loose)
例句:The involvement of other countries is a catalyst that will make a lasting peace possible in the tormer Yugoslavia.其他國家的介入是前南斯拉夫實現永久和平的催化劑。
4.catapult
n.an ancient apparatus for hurling stones(古代用的)石弩 *cata (=away),pult (=toss,hurl)
例句:A catapult was used in ancient wars.石弩曾被應用於古代戰爭中。
5.cataract
n. a large waterfall;a clouding of the lens of the eye 大瀑佈;白內障 *cata(=down),ract (=break)
例句:She had an operation to clear up a cataract in her left eye.她做一個手術,以去除左眼的白內障。
6.catastrophe
n.a moment of tragedy 災禍,大災難 (麪臨惡運) *cat (=completely),stroph(=turn)
例句:The Johnstown flood was a catastrophe.約翰郡灌水是一場巨大的災難。
7.catharsis
n. outlet for strong emotion;emptying of the bowels 情感宣泄;精神淨化 *cat<cata(=completely,away),hars (=pure)
例句:Her diary was her only catharsis.寫日記是她唯一的感情宣泄方式。
8.category
n.類;種;部門 (儅作一集躰->看成一個集躰)《cat-(down)+egory(assembly 會議)》