菜篮子兴趣思朗文词典

foul

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音标发音

  • 英式音标 [faʊl]
  • 美式音标 [faʊl]
  • 国际音标 [faul]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • adj. 犯规的；邪恶的；污秽的；淤塞的
  • vt. 犯规；弄脏；淤塞；缠住，妨害
  • vi. 犯规；腐烂；缠结
  • n. 犯规；缠绕
  • adv. 违反规则地，不正当地

词源解说

  • 直接源自古英语的ful，意为肮脏的。

词根记忆

  • 邪恶的(foul)心灵(soul)

同根派生

  • adv性质的同根词
    foully：卑鄙地；下流地；粗暴地。
  • n性质的同根词
    foulness：卑鄙；纠缠。

用法辨析

    v. (动词)

  • foul用作动词的基本意思是“使污秽,弄脏”,指被具有极大危害性或非常令人厌恶的事物所污染或玷污,强调使污秽,使下流,可用于具体的东西,也可用于抽象事物。引申可指“纠缠”“纠结在一起”,在体育用语中则指“犯规”。

英汉例句

    用作形容词 (adj.)

    用作定语: ～+ n.

  • The house was filled with foul odor.
    房间里充满了难闻的气味。

    • 用作表语: S+be+～

  • This place is very foul.
    这地方肮脏不堪。

    • S+be+～+ prep. -phrase

  • He fell foul of his employer and lost his job.
    他因触犯老板而丢了工作。

    • 用作动词 (v.)

    用作不及物动词: S+～(+A)

  • One pipe has fouled, and the water won't go down.
    一根水管堵塞了,水流不下去。

    • 用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • The smoke fouled the air.
    烟污染了空气。

    • 用作名词 (n.)

  • He was cautioned for a foul on another football player.
    他因对另一球员犯规而受到警告。

词组短语

    用作形容词 (adj.)

    ～+名词

  • foul deed 丑恶的事
  • foul air [机]污浊空气
  • foul clothes 脏衣服
  • foul language 粗话，粗活
  • foul odor 难闻的气味

    • ～+介词

  • foul from 因…而变脏

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • extremely unpleasant
  • an act that is against the rules of a sport
  • (SPORT) to do something against the rules of a sport
  • (MAKE DIRTY) to spoil or damage something by making it dirty

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • If you describe something as foul, you mean it is dirty and smells or tastes unpleasant.
  • Foul language is offensive and contains swear words or rude words.
  • If someone has a foul temper or is in a foul mood, they become angry or violent very suddenly and easily.
  • Foul weather is unpleasant, windy, and stormy.
  • If an animal fouls a place, it drops faeces onto the ground.
  • In a game or sport, if a player fouls another player, they touch them or block them in a way which is not allowed according to the rules.
  • A foul is an act in a game or sport that is not allowed according to the rules.
  • Foul is also an adjective.
  • If you run foul of someone or fall foul of them, you do something which gets you into trouble with them.

专业释义

    体育

  • 犯规

    The foul tactics is the main tactics for the behindhand team to win the game at the last minutes.
    其中犯规战术是落后队最后时刻反败为胜的主要战术。

  • 罚球
  • (击出的球)在界外的
  • 击出界外球

    • 计算机科学技术

  • (病毒)污染

    • 印刷、复印技术

  • (校样)错误百出的，更改甚多的

    • 医药科学

  • 恶臭的