菜篮子兴趣思朗文词典

burn

B 开头单词考研词汇专八核心词托福词汇高考词汇词源字典

音标发音

  • 英式音标 [bɜːn]
  • 美式音标 [bɝːn]
  • 国际音标 [bə:n]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • vt. 燃烧；烧毁，灼伤；激起…的愤怒
  • vi. 燃烧；烧毁；发热
  • n. 灼伤，烧伤；烙印
  • n. (Burn)人名；(英)伯恩

词源解说

  • 13世纪进入英语，直接源自古北欧语和古英语的brenna；最初源自原始日耳曼语的brennan，意为燃烧，点燃，着火。

词根记忆

  • 烤炉一转(turn)，烧烤火燃(burn)

同根派生

  • adj性质的同根词
    burning：燃烧的；强烈的；发热的。
    burnt：烧焦的；烧伤的。
    burned：焦头烂额。
    burnable：可燃的；灼伤的；易燃的。
  • n性质的同根词
    burning：燃烧。
    burner：燃烧器；火炉；[化工]燃烧炉；灯头。
    burnish：光泽；抛光；闪闪发光。
    burnable：可燃物；易燃物。
  • v性质的同根词
    burnt：燃烧（burn的过去式、过去分词形式）。
    burned：烧伤（burn的过去式）。
  • vi性质的同根词
    burning：燃烧（burn的现在分词）。
    burnish：磨光发亮。
  • vt性质的同根词
    burnish：擦亮；使…光亮；将…打磨光亮。

用法辨析

    v. (动词)

  • burn的基本意思是“烧”,指“燃烧”(自燃或人为点燃),也可指“烧伤”(各种原因如烧、烫、烤等及各种程度)。引申则可表示“情绪激动”(如怒火中烧)。
  • burn可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时后接名词或代词作宾语,有时还可接以形容词充当补足语的复合宾语。burn可用于被动结构。
  • burn还可用作系动词,接形容词作表语。
  • burn的过去式和过去分词有两种形式, burned或burnt。英式英语中用作不及物动词或用作比喻时用burned,用作及物动词或形容词时用burnt; 美式英语中一般只用burned,只有过去分词作形容词时才用burnt。
  • burn作不及物动词用于现在进行体时,若主语为物,则主动形式含有被动意思。
  • burn的现在分词burning可用作形容词,在句中作表语,后接动词不定式表示“渴望的”“热衷于”。burning也可修饰形容词,带有口语色彩,着重强调。

    • n. (名词)

  • burn用作名词时有3个意思:①“烧”,指抽象的燃烧动作或状态,是不可数名词; ②“伤”,指烧伤或刺痛,是可数名词; ③“痕”,指烧过或烧伤的痕迹,是可数名词。

英汉例句

    用作动词 (v.)

    用作不及物动词: S+～(+A)

  • The stove is burning.
    炉火在烧着。

    • 用作系动词: S+～+ adj.

  • The fire burned red.
    火烧得通红。

    • 用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • She would not say a word even though the enemy threatened to burn her.
    尽管敌人威胁要烧死她,但她依然只字未说。

    • S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

  • People used to burn an oil lamp to get light.
    从前人们点油灯照明。

    • 用作宾补动词: S+～+ n./pron. + adj.

  • The sun burnt him quite black.
    他晒得很黑。

    • 其他: v -ed as Attrib.

  • A burnt child dreads the fire.
    一次被火烧,见火就害怕。

    • S+be+burning+to- v

  • They were burning to avenge the death of their leader.
    他们极为激动地要为他们首领之死报仇。

    • v -ing as Attrib.

  • It is burning hot.
    太热了。

    • 用作名词 (n.)

  • The firemen suffered severe burns.
    消防队员被严重烧伤。

词组短语

    用作动词 (v.)

    ～+形容词

  • burn alive 活活烧死
  • burn black 烧黑
  • burn blue 火光发蓝
  • burn bright 火光明亮
  • burn dim 火光昏暗

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • (DAMAGE) to be hurt, damaged, or destroyed by fire or extreme heat, or to cause this to happen
  • (PRODUCE FLAMES) to be on fire, or to produce flames
  • (PRODUCE LIGHT) to produce light
  • (FEEL HOT) If your face burns, it feels very hot.
  • (WANT) to want to do something very much
  • (COPY) to copy information, recorded music, images, etc. onto a CD
  • (DAMAGE) a place where fire or heat has hurt or damaged something
  • (STREAM) a small stream

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • If there is a fire or a flame somewhere, you say that there is a fire or flame burning there.
  • If something is burning, it is on fire.
  • burning
  • If you burn something, you destroy or damage it with fire.
  • burning
  • If you burn a fuel or if it burns, it is used to produce heat, light, or energy.
  • If you burn something that you are cooking or if it burns, you spoil it by using too much heat or cooking it for too long.
  • burnt
  • If you burn part of your body, burn yourself, or are burned or burnt, you are injured by fire or by something very hot.
  • Burn is also a noun.
  • If someone is burned or burned to death, they are killed by fire.
  • If a light is burning, it is shining.
  • If you burn or get burned in the sun, the sun makes your skin become red and sore.
  • If a part of your body burns or if something burns it, it has a painful hot or stinging feeling.
  • To burn a CD means to write or copy data onto it.
  • &rarrsee also burning
  • a small stream brook
  • to burn something to the ground&rarrsee ground
  • to burn the midnight oil&rarrsee midnight
  • to have money to burn&rarrsee money

专业释义

    医药科学

  • 灼伤
  • 烧伤

    • 能源科学技术

  • 燃烧

    The analyses of recent research on internal combustion engine shows that lean burn in the gasoline engine and homogeneous combustion in diesel engine are the important focus of the research on internal combustion engine.
    本文通过对当前汽车发动机的研究进展作的回顾,认为汽油机上实现稀薄预混合气燃烧和柴油机上实现预混合燃烧是当前和未来研究的重要方向。

    环境科学技术

  • 灼伤

    • 航空、航天科学技术

  • 微调发动机工作

    • 物理学

  • 使(核)裂变或聚变，利用(铀等)的核能
  • 聚变；裂变

    • 计算机科学技术

  • 烧录
  • 刻录
  • 燃烧

    • 机械工程

  • 烧伤

    • 农业科学

  • 烧伤