前缀trans(tran,tran,tres,treas) = across,over, beyond
这个家族的前缀不仅意思多,而且词汇量也非常大,更重要的是这个前缀派生出来的词汇是我们考试经常考到的,下面对这个前缀的意思进行分类整理如下:
词源:prefix meaning "across, beyond, to go beyond," from Latin trans-, from prep. trans "across, over, beyond," probably originally present participle of a verb *trare-, meaning "to cross" (see through).
前缀
1.横穿,到那边,穿过,径直
transparent, translucent, transverse
2.十字交叉,分叉
intransigent, transform, traduce
3.使理解,达到期望的状态
transcribe
另外,前缀trans还有以下变形
1.tran [在辅音字母q,s前]
tranquility, transcend
2.tra [在辅音字母d,j.v和元音字母i前]
trajectory, travesty, traitor
3. tres,treas
trespass, treason
1.transform [trans( =change) +form(=form)变换模样]
v. change the shape.appearance.quality or nature of 使变形,改变,变换
transformation n.变形,转变 ; transformer n. 变压器;促使变化的人(物)
transformable adj. 可变形的
举例: Two weeks in the hot sun on a Mexican beach will transform you.
在墨西哥海边炽热的太阳下度过两周,你会有所改变。
2.transgress [trans( =over, across) +gress[=go)越过去]
vt. go beyond a limit or bound; break a law, treaty, or agreement 超过(限制、范围等):违反(法律、条约、合同等)
transgression 违反,犯罪;(宗教、道德上的)罪 ;transgressor 违庋者;罪人
举例: lt's not my habit to transgress the law, but I do smoke marijuana now and then. 我不是习惯性地违法,不过我确实偶尔会吸大麻。
3.transmit [trans(=over,across) + mit( = send)输送过去]
vt. send; pass on news, information, etc.; permit light, heat, electricity, etc. to pass through; hand down something from parents to children 传递;播送;传送(光、热、电等),传导;遗传(给子孙)
transmission 传递;传达;传导;发报;遗传;(汽车的)变速器
transmitter 传递者;传达者;传导体;话筒;发报机
举例: Long documents can easily be transmitted over the Internet. 长篇幅的文件可以通过网络轻松传送。
4.transparent [trans( =through, across) +par( =appear)通过某种东西出现、显示到那边]
adj. allowing light to pass through; about which there can be no mistake or doubt 迸明的;清澈的;明白无误的
transparency/transparence 透明(性);明了;幻灯片
举例: The tran8sparent turquoise waters of the Caribbean are spectacular. 加勒比海清澈的蓝绿色海水非常壮观。
5.trespass [tres<trans( =over, across) +pass( =stride, step) 阔步前进过去]
vi. on+sth go on to privately owned land; infringe on; sin 擅自进入;侵犯,侵害;冒犯;犯罪
n. an encroachment or intrusion;a moral offense 侵入,侵害;打扰,妨碍;过失;罪过 trespasser 侵害者;入侵者
举例: Your cattle keep trespassing onto my land, and l'm tired of it. 你的牛总是跑到我的地里来,我真是烦透了。
词根
1.form (=form)
formulate (明确)系统地表达
conform 遵从;使适应 *con<com( =together)
dotorm 使成畸形;使变形 *de (=away)
2. gress ( =go)
egress 出路 *e<ex(=out)
progressive 前进的;进步的 *pro(=forward)
retrogress 退回:退化 *retro( =backward)
3.mit(=send)
admittance 入场(许可),进入 *ad( =to)
emit 发散 *e<ex( =out) permit 许可 *per( =through)
4.
apparition 幽灵,鬼怪 *ap<ad(=to,near)
apparently 显然地;外观上地 *ap<ad(=to,near)
disappear 消失 *dis(=not),ap<ad(=to,near)
5.pass(=stride,step)
passer-by 过路人
passimeter 自动售票机 pastime 娱乐
6.transition [trans( =over) +it( =go)越过去)
n. a passing from one condition, period, form, stage, activity, place, etc. to another 过渡,过渡期;变化,变迁
举例: The old currency will be used concurrently with the new during a transition period. 在过渡期新旧货币将同时使用。
7.tranquillity [tran<trans( =intensive) +
n. the state of freeing from disturbance or agitation, calmness 平静;平稳;安宁
tranquil 平静的;平稳的;镇定的 tranquilizer 镇静剂,精神安定剂 tranquilize 便平静;使镇定
举例: The tranquility here at Loon Lake is marvelous. 卢恩湖非常平静。
8.transpire [tran<trans( =through) +spir( =breathe) 通过某种东西呼吸或者小声说话]
vi. become public or come to be known 事件、秘密被发现,被知道
vt. give off moisture or pass off vapor 身体、植物散发水分或蒸汽,排出
transpiration 散发,蒸发
举例: After an investigation, it transpired that her own son-in-law had taken the watch. 调查表明,是她的女婿拿了手表。
9. transcend [tran<trans( =over,beyond) +scend( =climb)越过某物上来]
vt. go beyond 超越(人类经验、理性、信仰、描述能力等的范围);优于
transcendent 出众的,卓越的 transcendental 先验的;超自然的
transcendence/transcendency 卓越;超越
举例:You can transcend your shyness by doing these exercises daily.
休每天做这些练习可以克服羞怯。
10.transcribe [tran<trans( =across) +scrib( =write)写得使人明白、达到期望状态]
vt. copy; make a recording of something for broadcasting 抄写;播送录音(录像);编曲
transcript(学校的)成绩单;副本,誊本 transcription 抄写;副本,誊本;播送录音(录像)
举例:I record my professor's lectures and transcribe them at home.
我把教授讲的课录下来之后回家再听。
词根
1.it(=go)
ambit 周围,范围,界限 *amb<ambi( =around)
circuit 巡回,迂同;电路 *circ( =around)
iteration 重复,反复
2.qui(=quiet,rest)
acquiesce 默认 *ac<ad( =to)
acquit 赦免,宣告无罪 *ac<ad( =to)
quioscence 静止;沉默
3.
expiration 终了,满期,完结 *ex( =out)
inspiration 灵感 *in(=in)
perspiration 汗水;(要出汗的)努力 *per(=through)
4.
ascendancy 优势;优越 *a<ad( =to)
descendant 子孙;后裔 *de(=down)
descent 下降;血统;袭击;突然来访 *de(=down)
5.
scribbler 三流作家
subscriber 捐献者;订阅者;订购者 *sub(=under)
巩固练习:词缀