This与That用法对比
1. this 表示“这”,指较近的人或物;that 表示“那”,指较远的人或物。如:
I want this book, not that book. 我要这本书,不是那本书。
This rope is longer than that one. 这根绳子比那根长。
2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时,两者都可以。如:
They're students, not teachers. You know this [that], of course. 他们是学生,不是老师,这点你当然清楚。
John had a bad cold. That [This] was why he didn't turn up. 约翰患了重感冒,这(那)就是他没有来的原因。
若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用 this。如:
I want to know this: Is he healthy? 我想知道这一点:他是否很健康。
3. 在打电话时,通常用 this 指自己,用 that 指对方。如:
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?
但在美国英语中指对方时也可用 this。
4. 两者都可用作副词,与形容词或副词连用,其义为“这么”“那么”(=so)。如:
It isn't all that cold. 还没冷到那种程度。
I didn't realize she was that ill. 我没想到她病得那么重。
The book is about this thick. 那本书大约有这么厚。
I didn't think it would be this easy. 我没想到会这样容易。