不可随便省略的物主代词

请看下面这个句子：

When I told him the news, he smiled and shook __________ head.

A. the B. his C. a D. ×

分析：此题应选B。容易误选D。因为按照汉语习惯，通常只说“摇头”，而不说“摇他的头”。

在汉语中，像“我的”“你的”这类词有时可以省略，但在英语中，这类相应的物主代词却通常不宜省略。如：

有问题请举手。

正：Put up your hands if you have any questions.

误：Put up hands if you have any questions.

他切伤了手指。

正：He had his finger cut.

误：He had finger cut.

他拿起帽子就走出了房间。

正：He picked up his cap and left the room.

误：He picked up cap and left the room.

别把手放在口袋里。

正：Don’t put your hands in your pockets.

误：Don’t put hands in pockets.

有时英语中也可以省略物主代词。如：

他来时，我正在吃早餐。

正：When he came, I was having breakfast.

正：When he came, I was having my breakfast.

但是有时物主代词的有无，会产生语义上的差异。如：

lose heart 灰心

lose one’s heart (to) 倾心于(某人)，爱上(某人)